How was the killer of aircraft carriers "Peter the Great"

Missile cruiser "Peter the Great " is great not only in size but also combat capabilities . We learned how to overcome any missile defense , what the vulnerability of NATO ships equipped with American air defense system " Aegis " , and why it's impossible to drown himself cruiser.The flagship of the Northern Fleet , the largest in the world aircraft carriers , heavy nuclear missile cruiser "Peter the Great " is really great - both size and combat capabilities . His main weapon - cruise missiles " Granit" - are able to overcome any missile defense system and destroy the target , regardless of its size and the degree of protection . Missiles on board the cruiser 300 , enough for many purposes . The main task of the ship is hunting for enemy aircraft carriers and their entourage .Layered defense cruiser reliably covers it from all existing and future air of defeat. No less serious and antisubmarine protection , consisting of helicopters and sonar , supersonic rocket torpedoes and smart protivotorped , rocket mortars and multiple rocket launchers . An artillery duel in modern naval combat it does not go , so the main caliber cruiser presents several towers with twin 130 -millimeter guns. It's more of a tradition - what cruiser without guns .

"Granite" against the " Aegis "

In 1983 came into operation the American missile cruiser " Ticonderoga " . Ship decorated banner " Beware Admiral Gorshkov " Aegis "in the sea ! " The cruiser was the first American ship equipped combat information and control system " Aegis " ( Aegis ) . It brings together in a single network radar ships that are running , providing tracking of hundreds of surface, underwater and air targets , their automatic weapons selection and guidance on the next ship most dangerous objects . A kind of naval internet .In Greek mythology, Zeus shield called Aegis , made of skins magic goat Amalthea . In the middle of the shield was assigned head of the Gorgon Medusa , gaze turns a man into stone. Now CICS " Aegis " equipped with 107 ships of the five countries . Heart of the system is universal radar AN/SPY-1 - four huge phased array antennas mounted on its add-ins each armed " Aegis " ship. " Spy " is able to automatically search, classify and track targets , putting them on the anti-aircraft missiles . Application of a single multifunction radar allows us to simplify the collection and analysis of information , and also to eliminate the interference resulting from the operation of a large number of radar.However, the universality of the radar " Aegis " lies their Achilles heel . One of the biggest challenges - how to teach effectively radar to detect targets at long and short distances at a time. The creators hoped for " Interactive " system architecture : that the radar will detect distant targets and transmit information about them to other ships closer , and those goals will churn . But this requires uniformly disperse the ships with " Aegis " on oceans , which in reality is impossible. Under the conditions of closeness order of battle - aircraft carrier orders , say - the architecture is not working.

 The main problem of " Aegis " - its radars operate in the UHF range. Radio waves are a good length waves reflected from the sea , so the water surface noise and chaos system is blind to the ultra low . Namely, they fly to the target modern anti-ship cruise missiles - such as " Granite " main weapon " Peter the Great" .Vulnerability " Aegis " proved incident February 24, 1991 in the Gulf. In the U.S. battleship "Missouri" , grinds Iraqi troops 406 -millimeter shells of the main fire , Shore launched two anti-ship missiles " Haiying -2 " (a copy of the Soviet RCC " Termite " Extended Range ) . " Aegis" attack successfully slept . One rocket 600 meters from the side of the battleship shot down a British destroyer " Gloucester " - it was the first time in history a successful intercept anti-ship missile in combat conditions using anti-missile short range . Second "Missouri" took on himself , firing radar traps . According to another version , the rocket fell into the water itself .

Fire Sword

" Granite " on this not caught with chaff . When you create a complex anti-ship together for the first time linked the three channels targeting : mother ship , the missile itself and external devices - they may be satellites , aircraft and other missiles . RCC "Granite" is equipped with an onboard trehprotsessornym computer ( OBC ) . In his memory based on data about current classes of ships and the types of orders that allows the rocket to determine that before her : convoy , aircraft carrier or amphibious group - and attack the main objective in the grouping . In this OBC analyzes applied enemy electronic warfare , rebuilt from interference and issues commands to evade fire air defense systems.Containers with " granite " placed under the main deck , " Peter the Great" with a slope of 60 degrees. Before starting the rocket container filled with seawater to a solid rocket booster hellfire missile silo not hurt . Thanks accelerator most noticeable boost phase is overcome by a couple of seconds . Then included marching turbojet rocket rise to a height of 10-14 kilometers and " inspected " . Finding purpose "Granite" is reduced to 25 meters off the homing and travels at half to two thousand kilometers per hour . GOS right before the attack.Rocket attack group. The bulk of it invisible to radar sweeps over the water, one flies high , diverting enemy air defense and other coordinating actions . If her astray , takes place next leader . When an external designator - aircraft or satellites - and missiles can reach all targets covertly . In OBC laid several options for model trajectories for each theater of operations and the type of target .Arriving in the area of ​​the attack, " Granites " include homing , for a split second goal was partitioned between itself and infect them . To destroy surface ships used penetrating warhead with 750 kilograms of high explosives . Nuclear warhead submarine stoked capacity of 500 kilotons - such an explosion on the surface is enough to destroy any submersible at a depth of up to a kilometer .

Reactive Shield

Air defense cruiser " Peter the Great" is organized in several levels . Distant approaches guarded complex "Fort" , a naval variant of the proven S-300 systems . Below decks are 12 launchers with 96 missiles total ammunition . Multifunction radar can simultaneously track 12 targets , firing six most dangerous . Per minute system can make 20 starts.If the enemy: missile tricky pass "Fort" , meet her complex " Dagger " for reflecting the massive air raid air targets . His launchers are also hidden under the deck . Installs 16 , they tumble in each missile 8 . " Dagger " affects low-flying targets at a height of 10 meters and at distances up to 45 kilometers. Radar complex accompanies eight goals while firing four of them . From target detection to trigger runs eight seconds. Warhead antiaircraft missiles high-explosive/fragmentation/incendiary . Radio command it explodes in front of goal , forming a cloud of fire and metal . An enemy shell flies into him, his speed exacerbating the damage.Antiaircraft artillery complex short-range " Dirk " cruiser protects against high-precision weapons , planes, helicopters and boats , each of the six units armed with two six-barreled 30 -millimeter guns total rate of 10,000 rounds per minute and eight SAM missiles from " Tunguska" . They also explode in front of goal , using its speed to increase the striking effect. Office is located on the turret 16 more missiles. Control system " Dirk " consists of radar and television system , interconnected system of artificial intelligence .Cruiser has ten launchers for anti- missile- torpedoes "Waterfall" , capable of destroying enemy submarines at distances up to 60 kilometers . Rocket dives into the water , and then flies to the target and delivers a miniature torpedo. She dives again and makes his wet work .Torpedoes "Peter the Great " protected complex " Boa " . He shoots several types of shells at different distances , forming one volley tiered defensive line . First going to meet missile cruiser decoys - they deceive seeker to a complete stop the engine plavsnaryada . A break of the first echelon torpedo at full speed drifting flies into a minefield. Each dangling in the water column -layer shell - torpedo feels for ten meters and then explodes. If it did not help and rejectors , " BoA " deep shoots projectiles to defeat. At the bow and stern of the ship are reactive mortars "Smerch" , ready to fill any target depth charges , approached the cruiser per kilometer.

Neutron Heart

Powerplant "Peter the Great" consists of two nuclear reactors on fast neutrons with total capacity of 600 megawatts. Cruising is not limited. Cruiser showed the Russian flag in all four oceans, took part in the capture of Somali pirates and accompanied the caravan with the Syrian chemical weapons. In 2012, for their courage, dedication and professionalism shown by the personnel of the ship when the command assignments awarded the Order of Nakhimov cruiser.